Gain insights into end-of-life care from Jimmy Carter’s long hospice stay and learn how to plan for your loved ones’ needs.
In February 2023, former President Jimmy Carter, then 98, announced that he would forgo further medical intervention, and instead spend the remainder of his time in hospice care at his home in Plains, Ga. Carter had been briefly hospitalized for several health reasons in recent years, including liver surgery and cancer.
At the time, homages began to roll in, as it seemed the former politician was entering his final days. But nearly a year and a half later, Carter — who is nearing his 100th birthday, in October — has defied expectations and is hoping to cast a vote for Kamala Harris this fall, according to his family.
“It is common for hospice patients to aspire to live long enough for landmark birthdays, or family events,” Angela Novas, chief medical officer of the Hospice Foundation of America, who is not involved in Carter’s care, tells Yahoo Life, “and hospice care will do everything in its power to make sure you are present for those milestones.”
Carter’s persistence has cast a new and perhaps more optimistic light on hospice — a phase of end-of-life care that many experts say is often misunderstood. Here’s what to know.
What is hospice care?
When Carter first entered hospice care, Yahoo Life spoke with Dr. Sunita Puri, program director of the Hospice and Palliative Medicine Fellowship program at the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School and author of That Good Night: Life and Medicine in the Eleventh Hour. She said she likes to think of hospice as “intensive comfort-focused care” that’s “provided with the goal of minimizing the physical, emotional and spiritual suffering that patients and their families experience when somebody has six months or less to live.”
Most hospice care takes place at home, but it can also be provided at a nursing facility or a standalone hospice facility.
How long does hospice usually last?
Dr. Phillip Rodgers, a palliative care specialist and chair of the University of Michigan Department of Family Medicine, tells Yahoo Life that while hospice is available for at least the last six months of a person’s life, most people receive hospice for much shorter periods of time. According to the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization, the median length of stay in hospice is 18 days, and 75% of hospice recipients receive fewer than 90 days — with even shorter stays among people in Black, Latinx and Indigenous communities.
“There are some individuals — like President Carter — who are enrolled in hospice for much longer, but they are few in number,” Rodgers says.
Carter’s wife, former first lady Rosalynn Carter, was in hospice care for only a few days before dying in November 2023.
Still, Dr. Kathleen Unroe, a research scientist at the Indiana University Center for Aging Research, points out that 10% of people are enrolled in hospice for more than 264 days.
And Novas says that while Carter’s hospice stay is longer than the typical hospice patient, his length of stay isn’t without precedent.
“Hospice admission requirements, which are based on the Medicare hospice benefit, require an anticipated prognosis of six months or less — meaning that doctors must believe you will die within six months if your disease runs its anticipated course. But nobody can predict that with 100% certainty,” she says. “If hospice patients outlive their initial six-month hospice benefit period, they can continue to receive care so long as the hospice medical team determines that eligibility requirements are met.”
Dr. R. Sean Morrison, chair for the Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, tells Yahoo Life that one reason hospice stays are often shorter is that it can be hard for people to admit that it’s time to start that next phase of care.
“People are afraid of hospice and what that means — that if you’re entering hospice, then there’s a recognition that you’re dying,” he says. “And that can be very, very difficult for both patients and physicians.”
What people get wrong about hospice care
In addition to length of stay, experts say there are a lot of misconceptions people often have about hospice care.
Myth 1: Hospice is for people who have “given up.” A top misconception that people have about hospice, according to end-of-life experts, is that it means people have “given up” on their own care or their loved one’s care. “In fact, hospice is very often the opposite, and actually increases the amount of care and support available, especially for patients living at home or in home-like settings such as independent and assisted living,” Rodgers says. read more
#JimmyCarter #HospiceCare #EndOfLifePlanning
